Paper on Non Proliferation Treaty and Its History

Due to the enormous potential for international conflict created by the parallel phenomena of the Cold War and the gradual decolonization of the third world, many of the world's leaders began to worry about the destructive potential of an international conflict involving nuclear weapons. Moreover, the destructive potential of the bombs which were being developed exceeded that of the ones used during the Second World War by hundred and even thousands of times. Thus, the ongoing spread of nuclear technologies used to produce such weapons of mass destruction led to the development of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1968.

The creation of the NPT, however, was preceded by several initiatives which strongly influenced the international framework towards nuclear security. Indeed, the first initiative to create a world without nuclear weapons was put forth by American representative to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, Bernard Baruch. In 1946 the so-called Baruch Plan proposed that America destroy its arsenal of nuclear materials in a verifiable manner and the subsequent creation of an international atomic agency that would be even above the UN Security Council. However, the veto of the Soviet Union prevented the creation of such an organization despite the widespread international support that the idea had initially enjoyed. Nevertheless, the plan was never entirely scrapped, and served as a basis for the upcoming 'Atoms for Peace' proposal made by the President Eisenhower before the United Nations in 1953. The next step was already signing of Non-Proliferation Treaty.

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